by 34053 » Fri Mar 29, 2013 5:27 pm
Following his success in winning the Battle of Britain, Air Vice Marshal (AVM) Keith Park initially went to Cairo as Air Officer Commanding (AOC) Egypt in January 1942. However, the situation in North Africa was becoming critical. Between Gibraltar and El Alemein, Malta was the only British Base along that 2000 miles of coastline. Occupied Sicily also being a mere 60 miles away. The decision was therefore made, in July 1942, to transfer AVM Keith Park to Malta, replacing AVM Hugh Lloyd as AOC in Malta. Park arrived on 14 July 1942 by flying boat, landing in the midst of an air raid. Unlike Park, Lloyd was not liked by his men and had been criticised for his defensive tactics and for the aircraft losses suffered on the ground. Park changed all this to an offensive operation. With plenty of Spitfires at his disposal, Park sought to intercept the enemy and break up the formations before the bombers reached the island.
Now, with improved radar and quicker take off times (two to three minutes) and improved air-sea rescue, this became possible. Using three Squadrons, Park asked the first to engage the escorting fighters, 'up sun'. The second would strike at the close escort, or, if unescorted, the bombers themselves. The third was to attack the bombers head-on, some ten miles north of the coast and force them to jettison thir bombs. If a fourth Squadron was available, that one would tackle any bombers that broke through the forward fighter screen
The impact of Park's methods resulted in instant success. Malta went on to develop from a beseiged Island to become, in 1943, a powerful offensive base for the Allied invasion of Sicily in July that year.
AVM Keith Park left Malta, to return to Cairo, on 6th February 1944. An article in the 'Times of Malta' on 4th February stated 'Park left Malta carrying with him the good wishes and gratitude of the people..............He was a born fighter and commander of men, a fearless leader and a man of courage and vision............'.
Should you wish to read more about 'Malta Beseiged'; 'Malta Offensive' and the other parts of Keith Park's life and carreer (including, of course, the Battle of Britain), I can highly recommend the following book:
'Park'.The Biography of Air Chief Marshal Sir Keith Park by Vincent Orange. (ISBN 978 1 902304 61 8).
PW